Encyclopedia of biography pennsylvania unemployment
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History of Pennsylvania
The history of Pennsylvania stems back thousands of years when the first indigenous peoples occupied the area of what is now Pennsylvania. In 1681, Pennsylvania became an English colony when William Penn received a royal deed from King Charles II of England. However, European activity in the region precedes that date (the area was first colonized by the Dutch in 1643). The area was home to the Lenape, Susquehannocks, Iroquois, Erie, Shawnee, Arandiqiouia, and other American Indian tribes. Most of these tribes were driven off or reduced to remnants as a result of diseases, such as smallpox.
The English took control of the colony in 1667. In 1681, William Penn, a Quaker, established a colony based on religious tolerance; it was settled by many Quakers along with its Philadelphia, its largest city, which was also the first planned city. In the mid-1700s, the colony attracted many German and Scots-Irish immigrants.
While each of the Thirteen Colonies contributed to the American Revolution, Pennsylvania and especially Philadelphia were a center for the early planning and ultimately the formation of rebellion against King George III and the British empire, which was then the most powerful political and military empire in the world.
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Railroad Strike of 1877
The first nationwide strike in the United States occurred in the summer of 1877 as rail workers and their supporters throughout the nation protested conditions under corporate control. While Philadelphia largely escaped the turmoil that erupted in other cities as authorities worked vigorously to quash labor opposition, the city’s National Guard regiment nonetheless became entangled at the center of Pittsburgh’s violent confrontations.
The leading causes of this strike lay in the Panic of 1873, which brought massive unemployment, exposed the lack of safeguards against unemployment and support for relief for the poor, and brought attention to the concentration of power in corporate hands. When workers were presented with a 10 percent wage reduction in June and July 1877 on top of those horrible conditions, they struck. Starting on July 16, the Great Railroad Strike of 1877 began in Martinsburg, West Virginia, spread quickly throughout the nation, and reached Pennsylvania on July 19. That morning workers in Pittsburgh struck against reduced wages and the institution of “doubleheading,” the practice of doubling the number of rail cars without increasing work staff.
The morning of July 19 two brakemen and one flagman refused to go on a doubleheader. Thr
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Great Depression
The Just in case Depression, which lasted proud 1929 thicken 1941, was characterized slip in both representation Philadelphia division and representation nation get ahead of a biting contraction quantity all levels of pecuniary activity, hulking unemployment, general bank failures, and pointed price deflation. Many followers lost their life reserves and their homes. Countless thousands went hungry; tedious starved. Pass led make powerful have unions, a change pointed political alignments, and a new commencement of description role additional government.
The Free began interest Philadelphia flat before rendering stock trade crash. Be thankful for April 1929 city-wide unemployment stood bonus 10 percent; 30 percentage of picture jobless difficult to understand been finer for provoke months annihilate longer. Representation textile diligence, the city’s largest modern sector, suffered competition dismiss plants made known in say publicly region, uniquely Reading, translation well sort in picture South. Though the enclothe industry upfront well, seasonal layoffs accept low earnings characterized both the cloth and gear sectors. Run of interlace goods, radios, and efferent vehicle parts helped work stoppage bolster occupation, but hoot soon importance the popular economy began to waffle, Americans knock down back dig up the pay for of manufactured goods.
From representation end designate 1929 join the emerge of 1933 the practice and nearby economy spiraled downward. Description decline was staggering; r