Walter gropius biography 1969 charger
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Walter Gropius 'TAC 2', Rosenthal studio stroke, 1969
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TAC Skin Gold Service plate 33 cm
Walter Gropius was born in Berlin in 1883 and died in Boston in 1969. He was co-founder of the Deutscher Werkbund and the spiritual father and director of the legendary Bauhaus in Weimar and Dessau.
It could be said that Walter Gropius played a more important part in shaping 20th-century design than any other individual. His work marked the beginning of a new era in architecture and design. Gropius was awarded 30 honorary doctorates and was made an honorary member of countless universities and colleges, institutes and organisations.
His last, outstanding industrial buildings are the Rosenthal am Rothbühl porcelain factory in Selb (1965–1967) and the glassworks in Amberg (1967–1969). In his own words: “The Bauhaus is not an idea that sprang out of the head of a single individual, but an idea that sprang from a need.”
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This ashtray is one of the earliest works by Marianne Brandt to be produced in the Bauhaus Metal Workshop in Weimar.
Brandt joined the Bauhaus in 1924 at a critical stage in its development. The Hungarian, Laslo Moholy-Nagy had recently been made Formeister (form master) of the Metal Workshops by the Director of the school, Walter Gropius. He replaced Johannes Itten who had been in charge of the Metal Workshops since the establishment of the Bauhaus in 1919.
Itten had been an influential figure in the Bauhaus. He was Director of the preliminary course and several other workshops beside the important metal workshops. His approach was essentially subjective, placing great emphasis on the student's individual creativity. Under Itten's direction, the Metal Workshops worked exclusively in precious metals producing highly crafted objects of an individual nature which at times bore similarities with the work produced by the Wiener Werkstatte.
However Itten's individualistic expressionism was increasingly at odds with the ambitions of Gropius who was determined to reorganise the metal shops for industrial prototype production. Itten departed in 1923 and was replaced by Moholy-Nagy who was much more in sympathy with this policy. Having been associated with Van